New and Updated Standards in the Airport Handling Manual (AHM) 45

The IATA Airport Handling Manual (AHM) serves as a foundational framework for ground operations within the aviation industry, ensuring safety, efficiency, and consistency in training. With the impending implementation of the 45th edition on January 1, 2025, industry stakeholders must strategically adopt these new standards to enhance operational capabilities, reduce training durations, and align with global best practices.

Airport Handling Manual (AHM) 45 Key Updates

The AHM is updated annually to reflect current industry trends and evolving practices. Acquiring the 45th edition early allows operators to familiarize themselves with the changes and develop an implementation strategy well in advance. This foresight not only ensures a smooth transition but also highlights an organization’s commitment to maintaining high operational standards.

Contactless Travel and Digitalisation of Admissibility (AHM115)

The introduction of contactless travel protocols revolutionizes the passenger experience. Previously, identity verification required passengers to present physical identification multiple times throughout the journey. The new standards leverage biometric verification technologies, such as facial recognition, allowing passengers to check in and pass through security without physical documents. Operationally, this means that at check-in, passengers can approach a kiosk where their facial data is matched against stored profiles, enhancing efficiency while maintaining privacy.

• At a major international airport, passengers use a biometric kiosk to perform a self-check-in. The kiosk uses facial recognition technology to cross-check the passenger’s biometric data with their travel documents stored in a centralized database. This eliminates the need for physical document checks at multiple touchpoints, thus reducing processing time and enhancing throughput efficiency. The system interfaces with Automated Border Control (ABC) gates to expedite immigration procedures, ensuring that only verified passengers proceed to boarding.

Travel Document Verification (AHM119)

Historically, travel document checks were often manual and prone to human error, resulting in delays. The new emphasis on automated travel document verification enhances security and compliance, integrating real-time data checks against government databases. This means ground staff will now have access to instant verification alerts, enabling them to address discrepancies immediately rather than relying on potentially outdated manual checks.

• During a security check, an automated passport control (APC) system scans a passenger’s travel document and verifies its authenticity against a real-time database. The system checks for visa validity, biometric match, and any alerts or restrictions associated with the passport. For instance, if a passenger’s passport is flagged for irregularities, the system generates an alert for additional scrutiny, preventing potential security breaches and ensuring compliance with international travel regulations.

Unruly Passenger Management (AHM122)

Addressing unruly passengers has evolved from reactive to proactive strategies. Previously, staff would often respond only after a situation escalated. The new guidelines require training ground handling staff to recognize and de-escalate potential disruptions before they escalate, utilizing techniques such as active listening and empathy. This shift allows staff to manage confrontational situations effectively, promoting a safer and more orderly environment.

• An airside operations team receives training in recognizing early indicators of potential disruptions, such as aggressive body language or erratic behavior. When a passenger exhibits signs of distress or agitation, staff employ techniques like calm verbal communication and offer to resolve underlying issues, such as providing immediate assistance or reassignment. This approach minimizes the likelihood of in-flight incidents and maintains a secure environment for both passengers and crew.

Cargo and Mail Handling Revisions (Chapter 3)

The cargo handling procedures are designed to enhance operational efficiency and sustainability. In the past, sustainability considerations were often secondary in cargo operations. The updated AHM integrates sustainability more comprehensively, requiring airports to adopt recycling initiatives for packaging materials. Operationally, this involves collaboration with logistics partners to ensure that all cargo is packaged according to environmental standards.

• A cargo facility adopts recyclable pallet wrap and biodegradable packing materials for all inbound and outbound shipments. Additionally, the facility implements a waste diversion program to separate recyclable materials from general waste. For instance, shipments of pharmaceuticals are now packaged in reusable containers, reducing waste and supporting sustainable practices across the supply chain.

Additionally, previous guidelines on wet cargo lacked specificity regarding storage conditions. The new standards now mandate climate-controlled storage for perishable goods, requiring ground staff to be trained on maintaining temperature thresholds and monitoring protocols to prevent spoilage. This shift underscores a commitment to maintaining product integrity throughout the supply chain.

• A facility receives a shipment of temperature-sensitive biological samples. The new regulations necessitate storage in a temperature-controlled room equipped with continuous monitoring systems. The data loggers track and record temperature fluctuations, ensuring that samples are kept within the required range. If the system detects a deviation, an alert is sent to the facility manager for immediate corrective action, preserving the integrity of the cargo.

Aircraft Handling and Load Control (Chapters 4 and 5)

The updated AHM introduces detailed operational guidance on various aspects of aircraft handling that were previously less defined. For example, potable water servicing guidelines now provide specific instructions on the positioning of service vehicles relative to toilet trucks, a practice that was not clearly established before. This change ensures sanitary operations and minimizes contamination risks, emphasizing the importance of hygiene in ground handling.

• During aircraft servicing, potable water service vehicles are now stationed at a designated distance from waste disposal trucks. This configuration prevents potential cross-contamination and maintains hygiene standards. For instance, the potable water truck is positioned on one side of the aircraft, while the waste truck is located on the opposite side, ensuring a clear separation of clean and waste services.

In terms of load control, prior practices often relied on general guidance for weight distribution. The new AHM encourages the use of simulation tools for effective load planning, allowing staff to visualize weight distribution and adjust cargo placement. This advancement aims to optimize aircraft performance and safety, representing a significant improvement over previous methods.

• Before loading cargo into an aircraft, ground staff utilize a load planning software that simulates weight distribution scenarios. The software calculates the optimal placement of cargo to maintain center of gravity within prescribed limits. For example, heavy items are strategically positioned near the aircraft’s center of gravity to ensure balanced loading, enhancing aerodynamic stability and fuel efficiency during flight.

Management and Safety Revisions (Chapter 6)

Aligning operations with ICAO standards and the ISAGO program enhances overall safety management. Historically, safety practices were often fragmented, lacking uniformity. The revised AHM now requires regular audits of management practices to ensure compliance with ISAGO benchmarks. This proactive approach shifts the focus from reactive measures to continuous improvement, enabling airports to maintain high safety standards.

• An airport implements a structured safety management system with regular ISAGO audits. The audit process includes comprehensive reviews of safety procedures, emergency response plans, and equipment maintenance records. For example, an audit might uncover gaps in fire extinguisher maintenance, prompting immediate corrective actions and updated training for ground staff.

Moreover, the emphasis on human factors in ground operations is a new addition, previously overlooked. The updated guidelines require the incorporation of psychological and interpersonal dynamics into training programs, enhancing staff preparedness for high-pressure situations. This represents a significant cultural shift towards prioritizing employee well-being alongside operational efficiency.

• A ground handling team undergoes training that includes simulations of high-stress scenarios, such as managing a sudden increase in flight arrivals. The training emphasizes the importance of ergonomic practices, such as proper lifting techniques and workstation adjustments, to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries and enhance staff performance under pressure.

Ground Handling Agreements and Equipment Specifications (Chapters 8 and 9)

Chapter 8 now provides clear guidance on the IATA Standard Ground Handling Agreement (SGHA), including best practices for environmental management, which were less defined before. The updates require airports to implement regular training sessions focused on sustainable practices and disinfection protocols, enhancing overall compliance and safety.

• An airport implements an Environmental Management System (EMS) that includes training for ground staff on waste segregation, energy efficiency, and pollution control. For example, staff are trained to use energy-efficient lighting and HVAC systems in terminal buildings, reducing the airport’s overall environmental footprint.

In Chapter 9, the standards for Ground Support Equipment (GSE) have also been refined. Previously, fire prevention protocols were minimal. The new guidelines mandate advanced notification systems to ensure rapid responses to electrical faults in GSE. This operational change aims to enhance safety and minimize risks associated with equipment failures.

• An airport installs enhanced fire detection systems on electric-powered GSE, such as electric tugs and conveyor belts. The systems monitor electrical components and battery status, triggering alarms if overheating or electrical faults are detected. For example, if an electric tug’s battery shows signs of excessive heat, the system alerts maintenance personnel and initiates a controlled shutdown to prevent a fire.

Environmental Management and Training Program Modifications (Chapters 10 and 11)

The revisions in Chapter 10 emphasize the importance of Environmental Management Systems (EMS), which were not a primary focus in earlier editions. The updated AHM now highlights compliance with IEnvA standards, requiring airports to set specific goals for waste reduction and energy consumption. This operational shift encourages a culture of sustainability within ground handling operations.

• An airport develops a detailed EMS aligned with IEnvA standards, including specific goals for reducing carbon emissions and waste. Staff are trained on implementing and monitoring these goals, such as optimizing fuel usage for ground vehicles and implementing recycling programs for office waste. Regular performance reports are generated to track progress and ensure continuous improvement.

The Ground Operations Training Program (Chapter 11) now integrates guidelines for the IATA Training Passport, ensuring training records are up-to-date and aligned with operational needs. Previously, training modules were often disjointed. The new approach emphasizes regular assessments of training effectiveness and updating modules to reflect current best practices and technological advancements, ensuring that staff are well-equipped for modern challenges.

• An airport updates its training curriculum to include the IATA Training Passport, which tracks staff qualifications and training progress in real-time. New training modules cover advanced technologies such as automated baggage handling systems and digital messaging protocols. For instance, staff receive training on operating new automated baggage systems, improving efficiency and accuracy in handling passenger luggage.

At Just Aviation, we are dedicated to ensuring your business flight operations seamlessly integrate the new standards set forth in the 45th edition of the IATA Airport Handling Manual (AHM). Effective January 1, 2025, these updates—ranging from advanced biometric passenger processing to enhanced cargo handling and sustainability practices—are crucial for maintaining operational excellence. By aligning with these changes, we help you enhance safety, efficiency, and compliance. Trust Just Aviation to navigate these updates effectively and support your operations with precision.